PrefaceWHAT IS JOURNALISM? HOW IS IT LINKED TO SOCIETY?IntroductionOrigins of JournalismThe Journalism-Society Link: Levels of Analysis and Theoretical PerspectivesThe Main Concerns of Social Theory of JournalismDiversity and Diversification of JournalismJournalism and Changing Technology: Implications for SocietyDefining Journalism and the News TodayThe Press as an InstitutionThe ′Power of the Press′What Society Expects from JournalismThe Self-Image of the Social Role of the PressConclusions: Questions to Be AddressedJOURNALISTIC RESPONSIBILITY TO SOCIETY IntroductionDefining Journalistic ResponsibilityPublication and the Public InterestThe Foundations of Journalistic ObligationFree Press TheoryJournalism as Meeting Essential Needs of SocietyThe Press as Fourth EstateThe Idea of a ′Public Sphere′Social Responsibility TheoryCritical TheoryMinority Media Theory; Democratic-Participant TheoryNew Movements in JournalismInternet News TheoryLooking for a Structure in Social Theory of the PressConclusionPRINCIPLES OF JOURNALISTIC PERFORMANCEIntroductionBasic Publication Values in the Public InterestTruth as a Principle Freedom as a Principle Equality, Diversity and Solidarity as PrinciplesOrder and Cohesion as Principles for JournalismConclusionTOWARDS A FRAMEWORK OF ANALYSIS FOR JOURNALISMIntroductionAlternative ApproachesOn Journalism as a Profession: A Unifying ApproachDoes Journalism have its Own ′Ideology′?The Occupational Roles of JournalismConflicts and Mixed ExpectationsDemand versus Supply of NewsChanging Goals and Types of JournalismIf Not a Profession, at Least a ′Public Occupation′ConclusionTHE CENTRAL ROLE OF MONITOR AND MESSENGERIntroduction The Main Roles or Functions of the PressThe Monitor and Messenger Role CharacterizedObjectivity as a Guiding PrincipleLimitations to ObjectivityDegrees of Purpose and Activity in Objective News JournalismTensions Internal to the Monitorial RoleThe Monitorial Role and State PowerThe Monitorial Role and DemocracySources of Bias in the Monitorial Role′Media Logic′ and ′Mediatisation′ Effects on MonitoringConclusionMEDIA STRUCTURE, PERFORMANCE AND THE ′POWER OF THE PRESS′IntroductionWhat Is a Media System?Influences from Social Structure on Media SystemsPolitical FactorsEconomic FactorsSocial Cultural InfluencesMedia System Influences on JournalismInfluences at the Level of OrganisationThe Question of Press Effects on SocietyInformational Effects of NewsPersuasion Influences via NewsEffects on Behaviour in Society - Individual and CollectiveIn Overview: Primary Determinants of the ′Power of the Press′ConclusionACCOUNTABILITY OF JOURNALISM TO SOCIETYIntroductionThe Main Issues of Regulation and AccountabilityJournalistic ResponsibilityThe Accountability of JournalismLines of Accountability of JournalismForms of Governance and Accountability Applied to JournalismMechanisms of Accountability: ExternalMechanisms of Accountability: InternalInformal and ′Illegitimate′ Mechanisms of Control/AccountabilityThree Frames of Accountability RelationshipAccountability in OverviewConclusionCHANGING MEDIA TECHNOLOGY: CONSEQUENCES FOR JOURNALISM, PRESS INSTITUTION AND ITS RELATIONS WITH SOCIETYIntroductionThe Potential of the Internet and Other New MediaProblematic Aspects of Media ChangeInitial Signs of ChangeThe Internet: Liberating Promise Unfulfilled?Effects of Media Change on Journalism ItselfThe Future of the Press InstitutionThe Journalism-Society RelationshipThe Question of TrustConsequences for the Public SphereIn OverviewConclusionIN CONCLUSION: STRIKING A NORMATIVE BALANCEIntroduction A Frame of Reference for Journalism and SocietyNormative Contexts and Choices: Different Levels of ApplicationJournalism in an Information SocietyThe Main Normative Issues of Journalism and Society in ReviewTowards a Universal Normative Theory of Journalism?The Consequences of Ongoing Changes in Media Technology and Structure for Normative Relations between Journalism and SocietyWhat Can Be Done? Reflections on the Chances for Better JournalismLast WordAppendix: Selectde Documents Relating to Righrs and Obligations of News MediaReferencesIndex