1 Introduction.- 2 Materials and Methods.- 3 Musculus Detrusor Vesicae.- 3.1 Musculus Detrusor Vesicae.- 3.2 Musculus Pubovesicalis.- 3.3 Musculus Vesicoprostaticus and Musculus Vesicovaginalis.- 3.4 Summary.- 4 The Musculature of the Trigonum Vesicae.- 4.1 Musculus Interuretericus.- 4.2 Musculus Sphincter Vesicae (Vesical or Internal Sphincter).- 4.3 Trigonum Vesicae.- 4.4 Summary.- 5 Diaphragma Urogenitale.- 5.1 Summary.- 6 Musculus Sphincter Urethrae (Urethral or External Sphincter).- 6.1 Summary.- 7 Musculus Dilatator Urethrae.- 7.1 Summary.- 8 Musculus Ejaculatorius.- 8.1 Summary.- 9 Changes of the Muscles of the Lower Urinary Tract with Age.- 9.1 Summary.- 10 Three-Dimensional Model of the Anatomy of the Lower Urinary Tract.- 11 Fundamentals of the Neuroanatomy of the Lower Urinary Tract.- 11.1 Autonomous Innervation of the Lower Urinary Tract.- 11.2 The Voluntary Innervation of the Musculus Sphincter Urethrae.- 11.3 The Sensory Innervation of the Urinary Bladder and the Urethra.- 11.4 Spinal and Supraspinal Influence on the Urinary Reflexes.- 11.5 Summary.- 12 Discussion (Functional Interpretation of the Anatomical Findings).- 12.1 Continence.- 12.2 Micturition.- 12.3 Ejaculation.- 13 Further Studies and New Approaches.- 13.1 Summary.- 14 Terminologia Anatomica of the Lower Urinary Tract.- 15 Summary.- References.