Table of Contents   Every chapter begins with a “Table of Contents” and “Focus Questions.”  Each chapter contains “Summary,” “Reflection,” “Explorations and Activities,” “An Expert Speaks,” “Celebrating Diversity,” “Chapter Summary,” “Key Terms,” “Children with Special Needs” and “Resources for Further Reading.” Part One: Foundations of Early Childhood Learning 1. Young Children Growing, Thinking, and Learning Developmentally Appropriate Practice. Theories of Development    Behaviorist Theory    Maturationist Theory    Constructivist Theory    Multiple Intelligence Theory    Social Learning Theory    Ecological Systems Theory    Theoretical Influences on Teaching    Theoretical Influences on Observations Children's Development Physical Development    Social Development    Emotional Development    Intellectual Development    2. Designing Schools for Young Children Early Schools for Young Children Key People in Early Childhood Education Other Influences on Early Childhood Education Changes in Early Childhood Education    The Child-Care Movement    Kindergarten    Head Start    Programs for Children with Special Needs    Early Intervention Programs Contemporary Models of Early Childhood Programs    The Montessori Model    The Behaviorist Model    The Constructivist Model    Summaries and Comparisons Research on Program Models 3. Creating an Environment for Learning Planning a Learning Environment Structuring a Physical Environment    Room Arrangement    Physical Climate    Assessing the Environment Instructional Materials    Learning Areas    Beginning the Year    Managing Learning Areas Planning the Outdoor Environment Planning for Safety–Inside and Out 4. Planning Learning Activities. Curriculum Design Curriculum Organization Developmentally Appropriate Curriculum    Rationale for an Integrated Curriculum    Selecting a Theme    Implementing the Theme    Evaluating the Theme Learning Plans Mandated Lessons and Goals Multicultural Education and Anti-Bias Curriculum Computers in Early Childhood Programs    Teaching and Learning with Computers    Young Children Online Scheduling    Details of the Schedule    Simplifying Routines    Adapting the Schedule    Kindergarten: Half-Day, Full-Day, and Alternate-Day Programs    Other Scheduling Issues 5. Play: Learning at Its Best Defining Play    Types of Play    Characteristics of Play    Levels of Play Purposes of Play    Intellectual Development    Social and Emotional Development    Physical Development Development of Play Behaviors    Infancy    Preschool    Early Primary Grades    Middle Childhood Play in School Settings    Roles of the Teacher    Play in Primary Classrooms    Benefits of Play at School    Selecting Materials for Play &nb