Grounded in current issues and constraints, this book focuses on valuing environmental degradation, green economic growth, trade–environment linkage, climate change, health outcome efficiency and public works programmes. Can the ‘impressive’ growth rates registered by the Indian economy last in the long run? If so, are they inclusive of the key dimensions of well-being? Can the balance between India’s demand for and supply of natural capital make the country an ecological debtor? This volume, in honour of Professor U. Sankar, addresses such significant debates and provides policy initiatives to tackle these issues. This book argues that sustainable development as a long-term objective demands a paradigm shift in the approach to viewing ecology and that sustainability has to be assessed in terms of economic, social and environmental outcomes.