The objective of this chapter is to describe the most common soilless culture system (SCS) irrigation and fertigation methods. The chapter summarizes common types of irrigation/fertigation system and types of management system. It then discusses the shift to real-time plant-based sensing and monitoring systems together with models to analyze this data and translate it into irrigation management decisions. A case study is included to illustrate these systems in practice. The chapter concludes by identifying new directions in the application of internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence and phyto-sensing technologies to optimize input use.