Thermal gasification is a very relevant technological platform to assess in relation to production of carbon negative bioenergy from plant materials as it offers high feed- and product flexibility combined with high energy efficiency. Many different biomass feedstock and organic secondary resources can be converted into a wide variety of products such as heat, electricity, chemicals, transport fuels and high value ash and char products. The platform is undergoing fast development and industry and academia work together to optimize the process performance, increase fuel and product flexibility as well as combine different technologies to increase the efficiency, economic viability and product yield and value. This chapter provides insight on the versatility and potential benefits of biomass gasification and the related biobased products. General key issues of gasification plant designs are discussed and a series of new concepts and solutions within process integration schemes, polygeneration strategies and bio-char uses are described.